[Research progress on influencing factors and biological mechanisms of non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents].

Résumé

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a common psychological and behavioral problem among children and adolescents and an important predictor of suicidal behavior. Studies indicate that emotion regulation difficulties, impaired impulse control, psychiatric comorbidities, family adversity, and adverse social environments increase the risk of NSSI, while family, school, and peer support exert protective effects. The biological mechanisms underlying NSSI include genetic and epigenetic susceptibility, stress response and endocrine dysregulation, abnormalities in the opioid system and pain modulation, immune-inflammatory imbalance, and dysfunction of neural circuits related to emotion regulation, executive function, and reward processing. This review systematically summarizes the influencing factors and biological mechanisms of NSSI in children and adolescents to provide a reference for early identification, prevention, and intervention of NSSI.